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AI algorithms in GIMP

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CAF9cbAQP5Juht1mLL+28wtXPum... 25 Jan 18:21
  CAFgjPJ_zXY8kpw=x1EbhOhiqSg... 25 Jan 18:21
   AI algorithms in GIMP Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list 21 Jan 13:53
    AI algorithms in GIMP Elle Stone 21 Jan 15:01
     AI algorithms in GIMP Martin Marmsoler via gimp-developer-list 21 Jan 15:21
      AI algorithms in GIMP Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list 21 Jan 15:40
     AI algorithms in GIMP Elle Stone 21 Jan 15:42
      AI algorithms in GIMP Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list 21 Jan 15:47
       AI algorithms in GIMP Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list 04 Feb 11:50
    AI algorithms in GIMP Liam R. E. Quin 21 Jan 20:13
     AI algorithms in GIMP Laxminarayan Kamath via gimp-developer-list 30 Mar 02:10
      AI algorithms in GIMP Liam R E Quin 30 Mar 03:57
       AI algorithms in GIMP Gerald Friedland via gimp-developer-list 30 Mar 15:14
        AI algorithms in GIMP Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list 30 Mar 15:30
    AI algorithms in GIMP Liam R E Quin 21 Jan 21:39
Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list
2019-01-21 13:53:01 UTC (about 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

Hi guys,

I think Casey's suggestion of super resolution is an excellent idea and would be useful to a lot of people using GIMP. The two algorithms which have been doing quite well are:

1. SRGAN: The relevant paper is at https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.04802 . This has yielded some very nice results so far and is now considered to be state-of-the-art in the computer vision community. Implementing this will be my first priority.

2. SRResNet: The paper is at https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.04802 . This algorithm also gives quite good results.

Now to train these neural nets, I will have to prepare a dataset consisting of low resolution and high resolution images and divide them into training, testing and validation sets. I'll try to write a script which pulls high-resolution CC-A/CC0/CC-A-SA images from the internet and downscale them in python to prepare their low resolution counterparts. I only hope that my GPU has enough memory to train the model, otherwise I am done for.

What I would like to do is create a python script (most of these libraries are available in Python) and then pass the image along with the scaling factor into this from inside GIMP. I've never worked with GEGL before but I will try finding out how to use this.

Since I am working on this in my free time and have not implemented neural nets much, this might take some time for me to learn. I'll try keeping you guys informed.

Any suggestions are welcome.

Thanks, Maitraya.

On Sun, Jan 20, 2019 at 12:41 AM Jehan Pagès wrote:

Hi!

On Thu, Jan 17, 2019 at 12:14 PM Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list wrote:

Dear devs,

I have recently joined the mailing list because I wanted to contribute my two pennies to GIMP development (since I use it for my work). I had a look at the proposed plan for GIMP and wondered if people would be interested in
including some popular AI algorithms for several image processing tasks.

We are definitely interested by any AI algorithms. At least I am.

I would be interested in writing implementations of some of these

algorithms into gimp if someone can commit to writing a frontend/GUI for it.

The hard point here is "if someone can commit to […]". It's a bit hard to commit without knowing much (unless you are paid, then you have no choice ;p). Usually it's the other way around: you propose something. It doesn't have to be with a great GUI or whatever. Then if we like what we see, we will definitely add our own 2 cents to the pool. This is usually how most features are done around here, when someone contributes a patch with a very cool idea, then we review and often fix/change what we think is needed (sometimes just a bit, sometimes deeply).

I often wrote crap GUI myself and others came to the rescue with ideas and code. :-)

It would be great if we can make a list of these algorithms to implement and rank them according to priority.

I would suggest to *not do that*. :-) Basically we are not a company, we don't sell GIMP and don't have huge plans for the next decade. Well "officially", we do have a roadmap and such, but if you follow GIMP development, you'd see it is more flexible and experimental than some rigid plan.
Making a huge list with big plans for the future "might" be just the way to spend a lot of time and kill your project in the end.

Instead I would propose **you** just select **one** such algorithm which you find is great and even irrefusable since it would be so fucking awesome and useful! Then you implement and propose it and we will be so amazed that we just have to include it and do a proper GUI for it. That sounds like the best plan.

From there, you can go on with more awesome ideas. :-) You may even be able to start doing more organized work with a list of algorithms after, etc. But for a first patch, I would suggest you just take the lead.

As for my background, I am a theoretical physicist making simulations for HPCs (in C/C++) and interpreting their data (in Python). I have a

reasonable workstation to train neural nets, if necessary. Be warned that I

There is only a single very important part about AI algorithms which need training: we will want the code to train, the data, etc. everything as free software/Open Data and properly documented. I have worked with trained algorithms in Free Software where the trained data is just dropped as-is, and once the original author disappears, this is unmaintainable. In particular it cannot be improved or fixed or nothing, because we don't have the code to re-generate the neural networks (or alike). This can only be a recipe for failure long-term.

So AI in GIMP? Yeah definitely! But it has to be reproducible generated data, with the whole training infrastructure available and properly documented and the input data under Libre license as well.

have never written a GUI software in my life and I don't know the GIMP codebase at all. I envision these to be standalone scripts which can be called in from the GIMP interface.

Cool. Depending on the idea, it may be interesting to rather implement it directly as a GEGL operation (GEGL is our graphics engine). Maybe you don't even need to make a GUI then. Just make a GEGL op, and when it is done, run it with examples to show us how good it is, and we might just get into the game to make it a proper GUI.

Please let me know what you think.

And here you are! I hope we will see soon a lot of baby robots in our code. ;-)

Jehan

Cheerio,
Maitraya.

Senior Research Fellow Center for Excellence in Space Sciences India Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata _______________________________________________ gimp-developer-list mailing list
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Elle Stone
2019-01-21 15:01:15 UTC (about 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

On 1/21/19 8:53 AM, Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list wrote:

super resolution

I don't know if this is the same "super resolution", but FWIW the topic has come up several times on discuss.pixls.us:

https://discuss.pixls.us/search?q=%20superresolution

Best regards, Elle Stone

https://ninedegreesbelow.com
Color management and free/libre photography
Martin Marmsoler via gimp-developer-list
2019-01-21 15:21:12 UTC (about 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

Hi,

I already tried the first one, but it has not the quality I expected. Did anybody tried the second one? The second one looks quite good :)

[1] https://github.com/alexjc/neural-enhance [2] https://github.com/tensorlayer/srgan

Best regards,

Martin

Am Mo., 21. Jan. 2019 um 16:07 Uhr schrieb Elle Stone < ellestone@ninedegreesbelow.com>:

On 1/21/19 8:53 AM, Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list wrote:

super resolution

I don't know if this is the same "super resolution", but FWIW the topic has come up several times on discuss.pixls.us:

https://discuss.pixls.us/search?q=%20superresolution

Best regards, Elle Stone
--
https://ninedegreesbelow.com
Color management and free/libre photography _______________________________________________ gimp-developer-list mailing list
List address: gimp-developer-list@gnome.org List membership:
https://mail.gnome.org/mailman/listinfo/gimp-developer-list List archives: https://mail.gnome.org/archives/gimp-developer-list

Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list
2019-01-21 15:40:50 UTC (about 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

Hi Martin,

Thanks for the second link on Tensorlayer. if the license of the library is compatible with GPL, there is no reason we cannot used their VGG19 network but I don't think it is! I will still need a few weeks to create the image dataset and then train this.

Thanks, Maitraya.

On Mon, Jan 21, 2019 at 8:51 PM Martin Marmsoler wrote:

Hi,

I already tried the first one, but it has not the quality I expected. Did anybody tried the second one? The second one looks quite good :)

[1] https://github.com/alexjc/neural-enhance [2] https://github.com/tensorlayer/srgan

Best regards,

Martin

Am Mo., 21. Jan. 2019 um 16:07 Uhr schrieb Elle Stone < ellestone@ninedegreesbelow.com>:

On 1/21/19 8:53 AM, Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list wrote:

super resolution

I don't know if this is the same "super resolution", but FWIW the topic has come up several times on discuss.pixls.us:

https://discuss.pixls.us/search?q=%20superresolution

Best regards, Elle Stone
--
https://ninedegreesbelow.com
Color management and free/libre photography _______________________________________________ gimp-developer-list mailing list
List address: gimp-developer-list@gnome.org List membership:
https://mail.gnome.org/mailman/listinfo/gimp-developer-list List archives: https://mail.gnome.org/archives/gimp-developer-list

Elle Stone
2019-01-21 15:42:19 UTC (about 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

On 1/21/19 10:01 AM, Elle Stone wrote:

I don't know if this is the same "super resolution", but FWIW the topic has come up several times on discuss.pixls.us:

https://discuss.pixls.us/search?q=%20superresolution

My apologies, I wasn't very clear. discuss.pixls.us is a discussion forum for users and developers of free/libre software.

Possibly there is already some sort of super-resolution algorithm implementation for one or another free-libre softwares, in which case there is also free/libre code available. But I didn't read any of the links to see what they are actually about.

Pat David (the person who runs the forum) might know whether there's any actual implementation with code that might overlap with/be useful for what Maitraya Bhattacharyya is proposing to do.

https://ninedegreesbelow.com
Color management and free/libre photography
Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list
2019-01-21 15:47:07 UTC (about 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

Hi Elle,

I looked at the posts on discuss.pixls.us, and it seems that their approach is quite different to what we are trying to achieve. They are mostly trying to use multiple images or use traditional methods which don't yield very good results.

Thanks,
Maitraya.

On Mon, Jan 21, 2019 at 9:12 PM Elle Stone wrote:

On 1/21/19 10:01 AM, Elle Stone wrote:

I don't know if this is the same "super resolution", but FWIW the topic has come up several times on discuss.pixls.us:

https://discuss.pixls.us/search?q=%20superresolution

My apologies, I wasn't very clear. discuss.pixls.us is a discussion forum for users and developers of free/libre software.

Possibly there is already some sort of super-resolution algorithm implementation for one or another free-libre softwares, in which case there is also free/libre code available. But I didn't read any of the links to see what they are actually about.

Pat David (the person who runs the forum) might know whether there's any actual implementation with code that might overlap with/be useful for what Maitraya Bhattacharyya is proposing to do.

-- https://ninedegreesbelow.com
Color management and free/libre photography

Liam R. E. Quin
2019-01-21 20:13:26 UTC (about 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

On Mon, 2019-01-21 at 19:23 +0530, Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp- developer-list wrote:

[...]

Now to train these neural nets, I will have to prepare a dataset consisting
of low resolution and high resolution images and divide them into training,
testing and validation sets.

If it helps, i have high resolution versions of most of the images on https://www.fromoldbooks.org/ - usually i sell them, but i can donate some if would be of use. Most are engravings, up to 20,000 pixels on a side in many cases.

This leads me to wonder whether we could make a “libre” image training set.

It also leads me to wonder whether a neural net could be trained to clean up scanned images.

Liam (slave ankh)

Liam Quin, https://www.delightfulcomputing.com/
Available for XML/Document/Information Architecture/XSLT/
XSL/XQuery/Web/Text Processing/A11Y training, work & consulting.
Web slave for vintage clipart http://www.fromoldbooks.org/
Liam R E Quin
2019-01-21 21:39:12 UTC (about 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

On Mon, 2019-01-21 at 19:23 +0530, Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp- developer-list wrote:
[...]

Now to train these neural nets, I will have to prepare a dataset consisting
of low resolution and high resolution images and divide them into training,
testing and validation sets.

If it helps, i have high resolution versions of most of the images on https://www.fromoldbooks.org/ - usually i sell them, but i can donate some if would be of use. Most are engravings, up to 20,000 pixels on a side in many cases.

This leads me to wonder whether we could make a “libre” image training set.

It also leads me to wonder whether a neural net could be trained to clean up scanned images.

Liam (slave ankh)

Liam Quin, https://www.delightfulcomputing.com/
Available for XML/Document/Information Architecture/XSLT/
XSL/XQuery/Web/Text Processing/A11Y training, work & consulting.
Barefoot Web-slave for vintage clipart http://www.fromoldbooks.org/
Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list
2019-02-04 11:50:25 UTC (about 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

Hi guys,

I have started working on the super-resolution plugin after going through some tutorials on GANs. I will try to put some kind of update on my blog in a month or so.

Thanks,
Maitraya.

On Mon, Jan 21, 2019 at 9:17 PM Maitraya Bhattacharyya < maitraya.linux@gmail.com> wrote:

Hi Elle,

I looked at the posts on discuss.pixls.us, and it seems that their approach is quite different to what we are trying to achieve. They are mostly trying to use multiple images or use traditional methods which don't yield very good results.

Thanks, Maitraya.

On Mon, Jan 21, 2019 at 9:12 PM Elle Stone wrote:

On 1/21/19 10:01 AM, Elle Stone wrote:

I don't know if this is the same "super resolution", but FWIW the topic has come up several times on discuss.pixls.us:

https://discuss.pixls.us/search?q=%20superresolution

My apologies, I wasn't very clear. discuss.pixls.us is a discussion forum for users and developers of free/libre software.

Possibly there is already some sort of super-resolution algorithm implementation for one or another free-libre softwares, in which case there is also free/libre code available. But I didn't read any of the links to see what they are actually about.

Pat David (the person who runs the forum) might know whether there's any actual implementation with code that might overlap with/be useful for what Maitraya Bhattacharyya is proposing to do.

-- https://ninedegreesbelow.com
Color management and free/libre photography

Laxminarayan Kamath via gimp-developer-list
2019-03-30 02:10:13 UTC (almost 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

Hi,

[Disclaimer : 1)my knowledge of AI os limited 2) Just another Gimp user. Not a Gimp dev]

just dropping a couple of ideas here

1) Back and white to colour:

If we train a NN on black and white images and their colour equivalents, will it be able to generate colour photos fro, black and white?

Would it be a specialized form of style transfer?

2) Do you know of any algorithms which can separate different objects in the image to different layers?
Probable detect and separate humans. Another related separation is separating different parts of the face Yet another separation could be simply based on the guessed depth of the object

3) That brings us to :

Is it possible to use AI to get(guess) a depth map of the image? This could be useful in making the depth of focus a bit shallower(limited capability, of course) , place objects in-front of/behind objects, etc.. , Shift camera perspective a little, etc. 3d scene aware object cut and paste (with perspective change of object) anyone??!

4) Noise removal:

Is it better to do noise removal using AI?

On Wed, Mar 27, 2019, 11:41 PM Liam R. E. Quin

On Mon, 2019-01-21 at 19:23 +0530, Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp- developer-list wrote:

[...]

Now to train these neural nets, I will have to prepare a dataset consisting
of low resolution and high resolution images and divide them into training,
testing and validation sets.

If it helps, i have high resolution versions of most of the images on https://www.fromoldbooks.org/ - usually i sell them, but i can donate some if would be of use. Most are engravings, up to 20,000 pixels on a side in many cases.

This leads me to wonder whether we could make a “libre” image training set.

It also leads me to wonder whether a neural net could be trained to clean up scanned images.

Liam (slave ankh)

-- Liam Quin, https://www.delightfulcomputing.com/ Available for XML/Document/Information Architecture/XSLT/ XSL/XQuery/Web/Text Processing/A11Y training, work & consulting. Web slave for vintage clipart http://www.fromoldbooks.org/

_______________________________________________ gimp-developer-list mailing list
List address: gimp-developer-list@gnome.org List membership:
https://mail.gnome.org/mailman/listinfo/gimp-developer-list List archives: https://mail.gnome.org/archives/gimp-developer-list

Liam R E Quin
2019-03-30 03:57:52 UTC (almost 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

On Sat, 2019-03-30 at 07:40 +0530, Laxminarayan Kamath via gimp- developer-list wrote:

just dropping a couple of ideas here

[...]

Something like waifu2x would be fabulous to have in GIMP (a neural network-based image upscaling algorithm).

slave liam (ankh on IRC)

Liam Quin - web slave for https://www.fromoldbooks.org/
with fabulous vintage art and fascinating texts to read.
Click here to have the slave rewarded with cold gruel.
Gerald Friedland via gimp-developer-list
2019-03-30 15:14:08 UTC (almost 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

All,

When people say "AI" here do they mean Neural Networks?

"Intelligent" algorithms have been implemented in GIMP for many years. About 15 years ago, this algorithm got integrated into GIMP: http://www.siox.org

Now, the reason I bring this is up is that any machine learning algorithm needs extensive empirical testing and we setup frameworks for that during the integration of the above algorithm. So whatever machine learning you want to integrate in GIMP needs to come with an independent benchmark dataset that is annotated for what you want to achieve. This benchmark dataset is used AFTER you think you are ready with building your algorithm. This is, after you have trained and tested your machine learner (using yet completely different datasets) and minimized parameters for generalization, the benchmark dataset does not only further test accuracy and generalization but also computational efficiency and user experience. Question like how can the user correct errors of the AI need to be answered too.

On a further note, if you did this benchmark testing, you would find that waifu2x is scam. This is, it only works with a very specialized set of images. The first thing to investigate would be what set of images that is and how to explain that to a GIMP user. In general, images cannot be upscaled. The data processing inequality mathematically proofs that information cannot be created by processing an image. So, while many TV crime shows suggest this, algorithmically zooming into a blurry license plate or face to make it recognizable is physically and mathematically impossible. An independent benchmark set would show the limits of this algorithm.

Just my two cents, Gerald
--
http://www.gerald-friedland.org

On Fri, Mar 29, 2019 at 8:58 PM Liam R E Quin wrote:

On Sat, 2019-03-30 at 07:40 +0530, Laxminarayan Kamath via gimp- developer-list wrote:

just dropping a couple of ideas here

[...]

Something like waifu2x would be fabulous to have in GIMP (a neural network-based image upscaling algorithm).

slave liam (ankh on IRC)

-- Liam Quin - web slave for https://www.fromoldbooks.org/ with fabulous vintage art and fascinating texts to read. Click here to have the slave rewarded with cold gruel.

_______________________________________________ gimp-developer-list mailing list
List address: gimp-developer-list@gnome.org List membership:
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Maitraya Bhattacharyya via gimp-developer-list
2019-03-30 15:30:25 UTC (almost 5 years ago)

AI algorithms in GIMP

Hi people,

1. Laxminarayan has some very good suggestions. I think all of them are possible with varying degree of success. 2. Liam, I am implementing a quite popular paper for image upscaling called SRGAN.
3. Gerald, there would be a testing and validation datasets to gauge the accuracy of the neural network. The goal would be to minimize 'overfitting' of the neural network to the training dataset. You're going to lose quality when you upscale, but the upscaled images will still be better than ones produced using traditional algorithms.

Sorry I haven't been able to get back to you guys before, I am caught up in work and will not be able to write code properly till something important gets over. However, I have studied generative adversarial networks (GANs) and am now learning a python ML library called PyTorch. Once this is done, I'll be able to start writing code. My main problem here seems to be the computational infraastructure, I fear that my 8 GB Nvidia Quadro M4000 will not be good enough to train on the data. If anybody had better resources they can share, please let me know.

Once we have the toy GAN code set up in Python, people can play around with it for various types of projects.

Cheerio, Maitraya

On Sat, Mar 30, 2019 at 8:44 PM Gerald Friedland via gimp-developer-list < gimp-developer-list@gnome.org> wrote:

All,

When people say "AI" here do they mean Neural Networks?

"Intelligent" algorithms have been implemented in GIMP for many years. About 15 years ago, this algorithm got integrated into GIMP: http://www.siox.org

Now, the reason I bring this is up is that any machine learning algorithm needs extensive empirical testing and we setup frameworks for that during the integration of the above algorithm. So whatever machine learning you want to integrate in GIMP needs to come with an independent benchmark dataset that is annotated for what you want to achieve. This benchmark dataset is used AFTER you think you are ready with building your algorithm. This is, after you have trained and tested your machine learner (using yet completely different datasets) and minimized parameters for generalization, the benchmark dataset does not only further test accuracy and generalization but also computational efficiency and user experience. Question like how can the user correct errors of the AI need to be answered too.

On a further note, if you did this benchmark testing, you would find that waifu2x is scam. This is, it only works with a very specialized set of images. The first thing to investigate would be what set of images that is and how to explain that to a GIMP user. In general, images cannot be upscaled. The data processing inequality mathematically proofs that information cannot be created by processing an image. So, while many TV crime shows suggest this, algorithmically zooming into a blurry license plate or face to make it recognizable is physically and mathematically impossible. An independent benchmark set would show the limits of this algorithm.

Just my two cents, Gerald
--
http://www.gerald-friedland.org

On Fri, Mar 29, 2019 at 8:58 PM Liam R E Quin wrote:

On Sat, 2019-03-30 at 07:40 +0530, Laxminarayan Kamath via gimp- developer-list wrote:

just dropping a couple of ideas here

[...]

Something like waifu2x would be fabulous to have in GIMP (a neural network-based image upscaling algorithm).

slave liam (ankh on IRC)

-- Liam Quin - web slave for https://www.fromoldbooks.org/ with fabulous vintage art and fascinating texts to read. Click here to have the slave rewarded with cold gruel.

_______________________________________________ gimp-developer-list mailing list
List address: gimp-developer-list@gnome.org List membership:
https://mail.gnome.org/mailman/listinfo/gimp-developer-list List archives: https://mail.gnome.org/archives/gimp-developer-list

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